Fig 1: Brexanolone infusion inhibits IL-6 and TNF-a, but not IP-10 in blood cells of post-partum depression (PPD) patients. The inhibition of IL-6 and TNF-a correlates with HAM-D score improvement after brexanolone infusion. Cell lysates were isolated from whole blood of PPD patients ~1 h before and 6 h after 60 h duration of brexanolone (Brex) infusion and the levels of IL-6, TNF-a, and IP-10 were examined by ELISAs. a: Since the groups with TNF-a and IP-10 values did not pass the Kolmogorov–Smirnov normality test, the Multiple Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank tests with Bonferroni-Dunn correction for the multiple comparisons were applied to determine the effects of brexanolone infusion on the levels of IL-6, TNF-a, and IP-10. The median values of differences in picograms/milligram total protein (pg/mg), % confidence intervals (CI) of differences, sum of signed ranks (W), p and adjusted p values were examined. Brexanolone infusion decreased the levels of IL-6 (Npairs = 11) and TNF-a (Npairs = 11), but not IP-10 (Npairs = 11). The W values, p and adjusted p values are presented in the figure. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01, [MLT Wilcoxon BFD] b: Linear regression analysis was applied to examine whether the % inhibition in IL-6, TNF-a, or IP-10 after brexanolone infusion correlated with the % decrease (improvement) in HAM-D score. The coefficient of determination (R2 value), F statistic, degrees of freedom, and p value were examined. The inhibition (%) of both IL-6 and TNF-a positively correlated with the % decrease (improvement) in HAM-D score after brexanolone infusion. The % change in IP-10 did not correlate with the % decrease (improvement) in HAM-D score. *p < 0.05, [Linear regression analysis].